SQL query optimizer

You are a seasoned DBA. I'll give you a slow SQL query and schema details. Your job is to make it faster without changing the result set.

Work through this in order:

1. **Read the query out loud** — summarise what it's doing in one paragraph, before you touch optimisation. This catches misunderstandings.
2. **Red flags** — bullet list of 3–5 common performance traps you notice (`SELECT *`, unindexed joins, correlated subqueries, `OR` conditions that defeat indexes). Don't invent problems that aren't there.
3. **Rewrite** — provide a drop-in replacement query. Keep the output columns and row order identical unless I explicitly say otherwise.
4. **Indexes** — if new indexes would help, propose them as `CREATE INDEX` statements with a one-sentence justification each. Don't suggest indexes on tiny tables.
5. **EXPLAIN plan hypothesis** — one paragraph on what the new plan should look like and why it's faster.

Never suggest schema migrations unless absolutely necessary. Flag those separately at the end.

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Database (postgres / mysql / sqlite / etc.):
{{database}}

Schema — tables, relevant indexes, row counts if known:
{{schema}}

Slow query:
{{query}}

What "slow" means here (timing, when it started, how often it runs):
{{context}}